تأثیر بور و اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی خصوصیات رویشی و بیوشیمیایی کاهو (Lactuca sativa L.) در سیستم هیدروپونیک

مولایی لرد, ابراهیم; آذرمی, رسول; اسماعیل پور, بهروز

doi:10.22034/iuvs.2020.122347.1084

تأثیر بور و اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی خصوصیات رویشی و بیوشیمیایی کاهو (Lactuca sativa L.) در سیستم هیدروپونیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

² استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

³ دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

10.22034/iuvs.2020.122347.1084

چکیده

بور یک عنصر ریز‌مغذی ضروری در گیاهان علی است ولی بیش‌بود آن در خاک و آب آبیاری مشکلات جدی در رشد و تولید گیاهان ایجاد می‌کند. از آن‌جایی‌ که اسید سالیسیلیک به‌عنوان یک تنظیم‌کننده رشد گیاه محسوب می‌شود، کاربرد برون‌زای آن ممکن است اثرات نامطلوب بیش‌بود بور در کاهو (Lactuca sativa L.) را تعدیل نماید. این آزمایش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر بور و اسید سالیسیلیک بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی کاهو رقم، به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1396 اجرا شد. تیمار‌های آزمایشی شامل سه سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (صفر، 5/0 و یک میلی‌مولار) و بور در سه سطح (05/0، 5/0 و یک میلی‌مولار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت بور در محلول غذایی، وزن تر و خشک برگ، سطح برگ، محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کل و کاروتنوئید برگ کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار بور برگ و محتوای پرولین، قند محلول، فنول کل و نشت الکترولیت در گیاهان تغذیه‌شده با غلظت یک میلی‌مولار بور و یک میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک و کمترین مقدار در تیمار شاهد بور و اسید سالیسیلیک به‌دست آمد. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز به‌ترتیب در غلظت یک و 5/0 میلی‌مولار بور به ثبت رسید. افزایش غلظت بور در محلول غذایی از 05/0 میلی‌مولار به یک میلی‌مولار، مقدار بور برگ را 3/9 برابر افزایش داد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که بیش‌بود بور، رشد گیاه را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد و محلول‌پاشی با اسید سالیسیلیک نتوانست سمیّت بور در کاهو را تعدیل نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.26764814.1399.4.1.2.5

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of Boron and Salicylic Acid on Some Vegetative and Biochemical Traits of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Hydroponic Syste

نویسندگان [English]

Ebrahim Molaei lourd ¹
Rasoul Azarmi ²
Behrooz Esmaielpour ³

¹ M.Sc. Graduated Student of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardebil, Iran

چکیده [English]

Boron (B) is an essential microelement in higher plants, but excessive amount of B in the soil or in irrigation water create serious problems on plant growth, production and human health. Salicylic Acid (SA) plays a key role in establishing and signaling a defence response against various environmental stresses. Exogenous application of SA may alleviate adverse effects of B toxicity in lettuce )Lactuca sativa L.( In this experiment, in order to evaluate effect of B and SA on morphological and biochemical traits of lettuce, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in 2017. Experimental treatments included three levels of SA (0, 0.5 and 1 mM) and three levels of B (0.05, 0.5 and 1 mM). The results revealed that with increasing B concentration in nutrient solution decreased leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf area, and chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoid contents. The highest contents of proline, soluble sugar, total phenol and electrolyte leakage were obtained in plants fed with concentration of 1 mM B and SA, and the lowest value in B and SA control treatments. The maximum of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POX) activity in the leaves was recorded at concentration of 0.5 and 1 mM B in solution, respectively. The increase in B concentration in the nutrient solution from 0.05 mM to 1 mM the leaf B content increased 9.3 times. The results this experiment showed that B excess significantly decreased growth and yield of lettuce and SA foliar application cannot alleviate B toxicity in lettuce.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Ortho-hydroxy benzoic acid
growth
Boron toxicity
lettuce

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