Introduction: The using of true potato seed (TPS) could be overcomes some of limitation in potato production in developing countries. The development and acceptance of TPS cultivars depend on the production of suitable TPS cultivars with high homogeneity and yield. The hybrids between the selected Andigena clones with Tuberosum are one of the approaches to developing such cultivars.
Material and methods: Some clones of S. tuberosum ssp. Andigena that has been selected previously from the three cycle of population breeding for adaptation to long condition in university of Tabriz, were used in cross with four tuberosum cultivars (Diamond, Moren, Picasso and Satina). Totally 12 TPS families including the four Tuberosum× Andigena hybrid family, five Tuberosum× Tuberosum hybrid, one Tuberosum OP along with two Andigena population (selected and non-selected) were compared with experimental layout as complete randomized block design with three replication. The evaluated traits were number of tuber, yield per plant, tuber appearance and tuber dry matter.
Result and discussion: Analysis of variance showed significant difference between the families. The highest and lowest tuber yield was belonging to Picasso× Satina and unselected Andigena respectively. The highest tuber number was observed in Picasso Andigena and selected Andigena family and Picasso Op had the lowest tuber number. Results indicate the superiority of some Tuberosum× Andigena for yield and dry matter in relation to Tuberosum× Tuberosum. But for tuber appearance generally Tuberosum× Tuberosum were better than the Tuberosum× Andigena. The yield and dry matter of selected Andigena population was better than Picasso OP progeny and non-selected population of Andigena. The orthogonal comparison between the families having the Andigena germplasm versus pure Tuberosum showed that except the dry matter in the other evaluated trait there was significant difference between two groups, and the mean yield and tuber number in families having the andigena germplasm were higher than pure tuberosum. These results indicate the importance hetrosis in yield and other traits of Potato.
Conclusion: Three cycle of selection on original Andigena improved its yiel and tuberization in long day condition yet its tuber appearance did not changed. Hybrids of tuberosum andigena had yield similar to tuberosum material. Considering that andigena had the same ploidy level with cultivated Potato and its rapid response to selection under long day made it suitable choice for broaden the genetic base of cultivated Potato.