دو فصلنامه علوم سبزی ها

دو فصلنامه علوم سبزی ها

بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشدی گیاهچه‌های مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad) تحت تأثیر طیف‌های مختلف نوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
چکیده
مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica) از خانواده نعناعیان، از گیاهان بومی ایران است که به عنوان سبزی، ادویه، دمنوش و داروهای ضددرد و ضدعفونی کننده در طب سنتی، صنایع غذایی و دارویی استفاده می‌شود. به منظور بررسی اثرات کیفیت نور بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی مرزه خوزستانی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1401، در پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل ترکیب نور در چهار سطح (نور قرمز، 30 درصد آّبی+ 70 درصد قرمز، آبی، فلورسنت) بود. بیش‌ترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (33/84 درصد) و سرعت جوانه‌زنی (87/45 جوانه/روز) با کاربرد نور قرمز حاصل شد. همچنین بالاترین طول ریشه‌چه (53/3 سانتی‌متر)، بیش‌ترین وزن خشک ریشه‌چه (51/0 میلی‌گرم بر گیاهچه) و وزن خشک ساقه‌چه (45/0 میلی‌گرم بر گیاهچه) در تیمار 30 درصد آبی+ 70 درصد قرمز و بالاترین طول ساقه‌چه (68/1 سانتی‌متر) به ترتیب در تیمار قرمز به‌دست آمد. بیشترین کلروفیل a (58/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و کلروفیل b (49/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در تیمار نور قرمز و بیشترین محتوای کارتنوئید (48/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در تیمار نور آّبی مشاهده شد. با کاربرد نور آبی، میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز افزایش و فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز کاهش یافت. نتایج این پژوهش بیانگر امکان بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، خصوصیات رشدی و بیوشمیایی گیاهچه‌های مرزه خوزستانی با کاربرد ترکیب‌ نورهای آبی و قرمز در مقایسه با نور فلورسنت بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Improvement of Seed Germination and Growth Indices of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad Seedlings under the Influence of Different Light Spectrums

نویسندگان English

Ghasem Eghlima 1
Meisam Mohammadi 2
1 Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department Horticultural sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
چکیده English

1. Introduction: Satureja khuzistanica is a native plant of Iran, which is used as a vegetable, spice, decoction, painkiller and disinfectant in traditional medicine, food and pharmaceutical industries, and has antifungal, antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. It is pain-relieving, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, reduces blood fat and triglycerides. One of the problems of mass production of plants through seeds and seed production industries is the low germination percentage of wild plant seeds due to the lack of ecological compatibility with domestic environment conditions. The quality of light is one of the most important environmental factors for the growth and development of plants, so the use of different light spectrums is one of the stimulating methods to increase the indicators of seed germination of different plants and their seedling growth.
2. Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effects of light quality on the germination indices and biochemical characteristics of S. khuzistanica, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications in 2022, in the Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. The experimental treatments included the combination of light at four levels (red light, 30% blue + 70% red, blue, fluorescent). S. khuzistanica seeds were obtained from the collection of medicinal plants of Shahid Beheshti University's Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute and were washed for 30 seconds with a five percent sodium hypochlorite solution and then washed four times with sterile distilled water and 40 seeds were selected in each petri dish and in four Rows are arranged randomly. Germination indices (germination percentage and speed), growth indices (shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight) and biochemical characteristics (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, total phenol, peroxidase, and super oxidase dismutase and catalase enzyme activity) were evaluated.
3. Results and Discussion: The highest percentage of germination (84.33%) and germination speed (45.87%) were achieved with the use of red light. Also, the highest length of radicle (3.53 cm), the highest dry weight of radicle (0.51 mg/seedling) and the dry weight of plumule (0.45 mg/seedling) in the treatment of 30% blue + 70% red and the highest length of plumule (1.68 cm) were obtained in the red treatment, respectively. The highest chlorophyll a (0.58 mg.g-1 FW) and chlorophyll b (0.49 mg.g-1 FW) were observed in red light treatment and the highest carotenoid content (0.48 mg.g-1 FW) was observed in blue light treatment. With the use of blue light, the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes increased and the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased.
4. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the germination indices, growth and biochemical characteristics of S. khuzistanica seedlings were affected by different light spectrums. In general, the results indicated the possibility of improving the germination indices, growth and biochemical characteristics of S. khuzistanica seedlings using a combination of blue and red lights compared to fluorescent light.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Antioxidant enzymes
Total phenol
Dry weight
Light
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دوره 6، شماره 12 - شماره پیاپی 2
دو فصلنامه علوم سبزی ها- پاییز و زمستان 1401
دی 1401
صفحه 109-122

  • تاریخ دریافت 23 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 28 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 11 دی 1401