Study the Effect of Harvesting Time and Drying Method on Allium cepa Seed Germination Quality

Shahmansouri, Emad; Abasi, Zahra; Shirazi, Farzad

doi:10.22034/iuvs.2021.130022.1111

Study the Effect of Harvesting Time and Drying Method on Allium cepa Seed Germination Quality

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Emad Shahmansouri ¹

Zahra Abasi ¹

Farzad Shirazi ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Departrnent, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Esfahan, Iran

² Organization of Agriculture Jahad Isfahan, Esfahan, Iran

10.22034/iuvs.2021.130022.1111

Abstract

In order to determine the best harvest time and method of drying onion seeds, after planting of two types of onions: the native landrace of Dorcheh Isfahan (long day) and Texas Early Granu 502 varieties (short day) in two separate experiments, seeds were harvest in 5 stages and laboratory experiment was performed as factorial experiment in the form of randomized completely design with three replications. This experiment was done in 2014 in the research laboratory of Isfahan Agricultural Research Center. Factors include the harvest stage consists of five levels: green capsule, yellow capsule, 5% of capsule splitting, 50% splitting of capsules and 100% splitting of capsules and the drying method in two level: dry shade and sun drying. The measured traits included germination percentage and germination rate, 1000-length and weight traits of onion seedlings. The results showed that all traits except of the weight of 1000 seeds were affected by the treatments. For Dorcheh Isfahan, the highest germination percentage (96%) was obtained in the yellow capsule and 100% splitting of capsules harvests and the dry shade method and the highest germination rate (1.34 day) was obtained in the 5% of capsule splitting harvest and dry shade. For Texas variety, the highest germination percentage (94.5%) was obtained in the yellow capsule harvest and dry shade method and the highest germination rate (0.92 day) was obtained in the 50% splitting of capsules harvest and dry shade, which was not significantly different from the second harvest. In Texas cultivar, the highest size for plant length, stem length and root length (53.88 cm, 16.22 cm and 37.84 cm, respectively) was allocated to the 5% of capsule splitting harvest time and dry shade method. In both varieties, the lowest values of each of the measured traits were related to the green capsule stage of harvest and the dry sun method. Therefore, according to the results, the second stage (yellow capsule) by the shade method, is the best harvest time that prevents seed shedding due to delayed harvest to full maturity of all umbrellas and capsules and severe yield loss.

Keywords

Allium Cepa

Seed vigor

Seedling weight traits

Seed quality

20.1001.1.26764814.1399.4.2.9.4

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