Antibacterial Effect of Essential Oils and Monoterpene Compounds Against Bacterial Brown Blotch Disease of White Button Mushroom

Akhlaghi, Mahdi; Barjesteh, Ali Reza; Alymanesh, Mohammad Reza; Akhyani, Ahmad; Dezianian, Ahmad

doi:10.22034/iuvs.2021.523995.1145

Antibacterial Effect of Essential Oils and Monoterpene Compounds Against Bacterial Brown Blotch Disease of White Button Mushroom

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mahdi Akhlaghi ¹

Ali Reza Barjesteh ²

Mohammad Reza Alymanesh ³

Ahmad Akhyani ⁴

Ahmad Dezianian ²

¹ Ph.D. Graduate of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood), AREEO, Shahrood, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood), AREEO, Shahrood, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

⁴ Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood), AREEO, Shahrood, Iran

10.22034/iuvs.2021.523995.1145

Abstract

Pseudomonas tolaasii is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria of the edible fungus (Agaricus bisporus) in Iran and the world. The present study was conducted in 2020 in the Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood) and compared the pathogenicity of 10 different isolates with the names Pt1, Pt2, Pt3, Pt4, Pt5, Pt6, Pt7, Pt8, Pt9 and Pt10 showed the highest pathogenicity was related to isolate Pt 4. Antibacterial effect of essential oil Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora), Basil (Ocimum basilicum), True lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Galbanum (Ferula gummosa boiss) and Yarrow (Achillea eriophora) against isolate Pt4 was measured by disk diffusion method and based on the diameter of the inhibitory halo. Basil and Shirazi thyme essential oils had the highest antibacterial effect, respectively. The results of chemical analysis of gas chromatography showed that methyl chavicol with 67.05% was the highest monoterpene compound of basil essential oil, which together with two well-known compounds of thyme including carvacrol and thymol showed a controlling effect against P. tolaasii. The results showed that the best effect in controlling the disease on the fungal cap at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was for thymol, carvacrol and methyl chavicol, respectively, but at some concentrations higher than MIC, thymol and carvacrol caused symptoms of cap blackening. Methyl chavicol had no adverse effect against Agaricus bisporus in all concentrations used, despite having less effect on reducing pathogenicity. Therefore, the use of methyl chavicol combination can be a good option to prevent bacterial brown blotch disease in mushroom cultivation halls.

Keywords

Agaricus bisporus

Carvacrol

Methyl chavicol

Pseudomonas tolaasii

Thymol

20.1001.1.26764814.1399.4.2.11.6

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