The effect of using biological fertilizers on the morphological characteristics, nutrients, and soluble solids of the obtained plantlets from tissue culture of (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Gelli and Agria

Barzegari Barogh, Roghayeh; Hassanpanah, Davoud; Esmaielpour, Behrooz; Jahanbakhsh Gade Kahriz, Sodabeh; Kalateh Jari, Sepideh

doi:10.22034/iuvs.2021.138417.1123

The effect of using biological fertilizers on the morphological characteristics, nutrients, and soluble solids of the obtained plantlets from tissue culture of (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Gelli and Agria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Roghayeh Barzegari Barogh ¹

Davoud Hassanpanah ²

Behrooz Esmaielpour ³

Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh Gade Kahriz ⁴

Sepideh Kalateh Jari ⁵

¹ PhD Candidate of Horticulture (Vegetables), Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran,, Iran

² Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran

³ Associate professor of Horticultural Science (floriculture) Agricultural Science Faculty university of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

⁴ C.Assos Pro, Agronomy and plant breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

⁵ Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/iuvs.2021.138417.1123

Abstract

1. Introduction: In recent decades, agriculture based on the use of biological fertilizers has been considered with the aim of eliminating or significantly reducing the consumption of chemical inputs. In sustainable agricultural systems, the use of biological fertilizers is of particular importance in increasing the quality yield. It has a small yield and maintaining the stable fertility of the soil. Biofertilizers make the plant have a favorable access to water and nutrients and ultimately increase the yield of the plant.Considering the importance of the potato product in nutrition and the importance of producing and cultivating disease-free seed tubers, and on the other hand, the concerns raised in terms of the use of chemical fertilizers in the production of this strategic product, the present study is in line with The effect of biofertilizers on agronomic, physiological traits and yield of mini tuber potato seedlings of Jelly and Agria cultivars in Ardabil province was planned. So that by using the results of this research, an effective step can be taken in reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and increasing the production of healthy mini-tubers.
2. Materials and Methods: A greenhouse test was conducted as a completely randomized factorial design with three
replications and three treatments including three species of growth-promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas p169, Pseudomonas p168, and Azotobacter 106) at three levels (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 liters), and Jelly and Agria cultivars in ZarGostarArta Greenhouse to study the effect of using growth-promoting bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi on morpho-physiological characteristics and tuber yield of the obtained plantlets from potato tissue culture of Jelly and Agria cultivars. After applying the treatments, the tuber of plantlets was planted in the vase and kept for 3 monthsIn order to measure the total dissolved solids in the mini-tube, the cheap and efficient Saba method was used.Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using SAS 9.1 statistical software, comparison of means was done using LSD test at 5% probability level and simple correlation of traits.
3. Results and Discussion: The obtained results from this research showed that the simple, two-way, and three-way effects of treatments (growth-promoting bacteriaand cultivar) were significant in a 1% p-value on all the morpho-physiological characteristics. The growth and yield and dry matter of many crops such as potato, corn and wheat using growth promoting bacteria have been reported all over the world. Researchers reported that photohormonal changes due to the use of growth promoting bacteria caused an increase in length. Root and root dry weight. The results show that the use of growth stimulating bacteria showed better results. So that the highest number of leaves in the plant was related to the treatment of 0.2 liters of Pseudomonas p169 bacteria of the Agria variety, in other words, the combination of Agria in the treatment of growthstimulating bacteria with 0.2 liters of Pseudomonas p169 with an average of 42.5 and the combination Jelly cultivar had the least number of leaves in the control with 15 leaves. The researchers reported that the bacterial and fungal treatments led to a significant increase in the number of leaves per plant These results confirm the existence of a synergistic relationship between rhizospheric bacteria that stimulate plant growth and show that this beneficial cooperation between these microorganisms improves plant growth and the amount of product production per unit area. In treatments inoculated with biofertilizers, the increase in the dry weight of the plant can be due to the increase in the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as a result of root expansion. The comparison of the average effect of simple bacteria on potato plant phosphorus is shown in figure 1, the control treatment had the highest amount of phosphorus with an average of 47.05 and the treatment using 0.1 liter of Pseudomonas p169 with an average of 44.55 had the lowest amount of phosphorus appropriated the comparison table of average elements showed that the highest amount of nitrogen (14.23 mg/g dry weight) was obtained from the Agria cultivar with the use of 0.2 liters of Aztobacter 106 bacteria. Also, the results of comparing the average potassium element showed an increase of this element with the use of 0.1 liter of Azotobacter 106 bacteria in Jelly variety and the use of Az-0.2 in Jelly variety. The average comparison of zinc element also showed that the highest amount (0.043mg/g dry weight) was obtained from Agria variety and 0.1 liter of Pseudomonas p168. The highest amount of iron (0.33 mg/g dry weight) was obtained from the application of 0.2 liters of Pseudomonas p169 in Agria variety.
4. Conclusion: The result of this research showed the increasing effect of biological fertilizers on the morpho-physiological traits of potato. Biofertilizers improved the measuring characteristics and qualitative characteristics of potato, and the highest amount of investigated traits for most of the traits was observed in the combination of 0.1 and 0.2 liters of Pseudomonas bacteria.

Keywords

potato

Pseudomonas bacteria

morphophysiological characteristics

mini-tuber yield

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